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Type is a platform for design in the built environment. We aim to share knowledge, increase accessibility, and support a culture of critique.

Articles

A space for public opinion and debate, engaging with a broad range of contributors in architecture, landscape, urban design, planning, and beyond.

Urban milk

All Dubliners accept that the fair city is inseparable from James Joyce's Ulysses. Yet Joyce's novel is saturated with a hidden ingredient: milk. This industry is an essential part of our national image, but its relationship with the fabric and women of Dublin has been largely forgotten. What if we redrew Joyce’s Dublin through milk?

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One Good Idea

Sleeping giants of straw and reed

Reflecting on her time spent thatching Irish homes, Alice Bowler considers what an endangered craft might teach us about care, materials and building in step with the land.

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Working Hard / Hardly Working

Modernism is Almost All Right #7: Après Le Modernisme, Le Déluge? Throughlines in French industrial legacies

Jonathan F. Bell examines the continuities between pre-Modern industrial architecture, Modern contributions to industrial typologies, and current adaptations of these buildings in a postindustrial landscape.

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A recipe for belonging

Chloë King reviews ‘Pálás an Phobail’, an immersive event curated by Blanka Major, a collaboration by Architecture at the Edge in partnership with Hinterland. The event was held as part of Culture Night Late in Galway City on 18th September and featured contributions from Professor Anna Davies of Trinity College Dublin and Michael Higgins, Political Liaison and Systems Change Lead at Bohemians cooperatives.

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Library

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UCD Architecture 2006

Editors: Gary A. Boyd, Hugh Campbell, Pierre Jolivet, Jim Murphy, Elizabeth Shotton.
Book
€ 0.00 

An annual yearbook featuring staff and student work from the UCD School of Architecture.

Architecture student, exhibition, Richview, Architecture, Landscape, Civil Engineering, material, structure, environment, detail, strategy, thesis, organisation, urban space, drawings, collage, photography, cultural concerns, Timothy Brick, Lisa Cassidy, Claire Chawke, Ciaran Conlon, Alexander Crean, John Crowley, Brendan Dalton, Rachel Delargy, Michael Doherty, Leonie Fitzgerald, Denis Forrest, Alessandra Fugazzi, Katy Giblin, David Hannon, Riona Hartman, Carla Harte Hayes, Leah Hogan, Alison Hyland, Rachel Jennings, Elaine Johnson, Fergal Joyce, Sorcha Kenneall, Anthony Lambert, Elspeth Lee, Cillian Magee, Alva Maguire, Brian Massey, Meabh Mc Carthy, Patrick Mc Glade, Laura Moran, Conor Morrissey, Maria Mulcahy, Mark Murphy, Kieran Murray, Matthew Nagle, Banbha Nic Canna, Aisling Ni Dhonnchu, Aedamair Ni Ghallchoir, Donncha O Brien, Maurice O Brien, Samuel O Brien, Luke O Callaghan, Jennifer O Leary, Conor Pendergrast, Patrick Phelan, Orla Phillips, Sarah Prendergast, Patrick Roche, Conor Rochford, Cian Scanlon, Sean Schoales, Enida Skalonjic, Ruth Stewart, Robert Tobin, David Walsh, Su Wang, Tiago Faria, Mary Laheen, Fiona McDonald, Max O’Flaherty, Mark Price, Brian Ward, Caroline Constant, Christopher Cuniffe, Jamie Doyle, Yvonne Farrell, John Feehan, Amanda Gibney, Anna Hanley, John McLaughlin, rural, farmer’s market, midlands, domesticity, Matthew Beattie, Gary A. Boyd, Gerry Cahill, Kevin Donovan, Niamh Hogan, Fiona Hughes, Michael Pike, Simon Walker, Alan Atlee, Carlos Casablancas, Yvonne Farrell, Mike Haslan, Orla Murphy, John Parker, Matthias Reese, John Tuomey, Brian Barber, Gillian Brady, Elizabeth Burns, Blaine Cagney, James Casey, Amelie Conway, Peter Cosgrave, Cait Elliott, Dara Farrell, Sean Finegan, Amy Fitzgerald, Joseph Flood, Padraig Flynn, Paul Flynn, Danielle Fox, Shea Gallagher, Patricia Gavin, Edin Gicevic, Ciara Grace, Aideen Hannon, Eimear Hanratty, John Horrigan, Patrick Hunt, Raphael Keane, Caroline Kennedy, Caroline Kiernan, Dominic Lavelle, James McBennett, Dermot McGlade, Liam McInerney, Claire McMenamin, Padraig McMorrow, Steven McNamara, Sarah Maguire, Beatrice Moran, Eoin Murphy, Niamh Murphy, Enda Naughton, Roisin Ni Bhuadain, Aine Nic an Riogh, Ronan O’Boyle, Colm O’Brien, Iseult O’Clery, Tapologo Odubeng, Lisa O’Kane, Blathmhac O’Muiri, Hugh Queenan, Alison Rea, Cliodhna Rice, Katya Samodurova, Deirdre Spring, Joseph Swan, Martin Tiernan, St. John Walsh, Brendan Ward, James Young, project, social, technical, aesthetic, LUAS Red line, Connolly Station, Tallaght, left-over space, community sports centre, spatial planning, Madrid, thresholds, Roisin Aherne, Jennifer Belton, Timothy Blackwell, Maurice Brooks, Myles Burke, Elizabeth Casey, William Casey, Shuo Chen, Elizabeth Clyne, Anna Cooke, Bokao Ditlhong, James Doran, Melissa Doran, Paul Durcan, Morwenna Gerrard, Alice Gibson, Faela Guiden, Elaine Hanna, Damien Hannigan, Elaine Harris, Timothy Hartnett, David Healy, Jack Hogan, Helen Kelly, Siobhan Kelly, Shane Kennedy, Ronan Kenny, David Ledwith, Joanne Lyons, Aoife Magner, Aisling Maher, Elizabeth Matthews, Anne Mc Getrick, Lynn Mc Mahon, Paul Murray, Emma Murtagh, Elaine Ní Dhonnchadha, Michael Nolan, Therese Nolan, Laura O Brien, Ivan O Connell, Donal O Herlihy, Sorcha O Higgins, Aoife O Kelly, Sean O Neill, Lucy O Reilly, Ekaterina Papkovskaia, Kevin Quinlan, Michael Stack, Timothy Varian, Aisling Walker, Aoife Warren, Brendan Whelan, Patrick White, Julia Barrett, Edith Blennerhassett, Michelle Fagan, Mary Laheen, Alan Mee, Niall McCullough, Michael McGarry, Finola O’Kane Crimmins, Liam Ronayne, Emmett Scanlon, Sarah Sheridan, John Tuomey, Wendy Barrett, Rachael Chidlow, Will Dimond, Eileen Fitzgerald, John-Barry Lowe, Jim Murphy, Ruth O’Herlihy, Sarah Sheridan, Cork, city library, utopian, history, theory, ecology, Ancient Greece, modern architecture, political context, cultural context, house, garden, city, Gary Boyd, Vandra Costello, Loughlin Kealy, John Olley, Finola O’Kane Crimmins, vernacular evolution, climate, comfort, thermal and auditory environments, ventilation, indoor air quality and health, Paul Kenny, Irena Kondratenko, Patxi Hernandez, Daniel Sudhershan, Vivienne Brophy, Tiago Faria, Brian Gallagher, Jeana Gearty, Pierre Long, Andrew Morrison, John Parker, Seoirse MacGraith, Joseph Gannon, Paul Hughes, Michael Murphy, Building Technology, Building Laboratory, mass production, Amanda Gibney, Mark Richardson, structural design, Newtons Laws, equilibrium, limit-state design, eccentric pads, strips, combined bases, rafts and piles, sizing, Chris Boyle, Peter Cody, Philip Comerford, Peter Carroll, Miriam Dunn, Sheila O’Donnell, Ryan Kennihan, Emmett Scanlon, Peter Tansey, Roland Bosbach, Pat Boyle, Gerry Cahill, Hugh Campbell, Michelle Fagan, Dermot Foley, Noel French, Elizabeth Hatz, Mark Hennessey, Paul Kelly, Andrew McLaren, Tom de Paor, John Tuomey, Finbarr Wall, Jerome Breslin, Niamh Burke, Sinead Cahill, Fiona Carroll, Gordon Chrystal, Sinead Collins, Ann Marie Cooke, Maire Costello, Jacinta Curley, Jose de Groot, Opelie Etang Sale, Evis Etelaniemi, Andreas Fah, Matthew Fagan, Graham Fitzpatrick, Alan Flood, Piers Floyd, Brian Flynn, Francois Gleyze, Brian Hagan, Eimear Hassett, Justin Hayes, Gary Hoban, Gary Holt, Mathias Holzer, Sinead Hugh, David Hutter, Deirdre Keeley, Orla Kennedy, Edwina Kinsella, Hilda Markey, Mercedes Martinez, Aoghan Mac Domhnaill, Barry McNaboe, Olivier Mie, Marcus Mulvihill, Trevor Nolan, Mark Noonan, Lucy O’Connor, Ronan O’Connor, Cathal O’Fearghail, Suzy O’Leary, Nicholas O’Shee, Nicola Power, Richard Quirke, Brendan Redmond, Robert Salmon, Tina Schia, Clara Seeballuck, Sandra Sibley, Milosz Stopinski, Paul Van Den Berg, Lily Vechulst, Christopher Whelan, Ruth Wiberg, decentralisation, work, living, OPW, Office of Public Works, Trim, Meath, RIAI Travelling Scholarship, M50 motorway, Sinead Burke, Sarah Carolan, Clodagh Cawley, Louise Clavin, Isabel Cogan, Maria Conroy, Paul Conway, Desmond Cooper, Daniel Costelloe, Lorraine Couglan, Barry Downes, Eoin Egan, Eamon Fitzpatrick, Sinead Gargan, Declan Hackett, Leonie Heskin, Grace Hickey, Christine Kennelly, Danyal Ibrahim, Paul Jeffries, Laura Johnstone, Eamon Keane, Michael Knight, Jane Larmour, William Lavelle, Siobhan McCafferty, Eoin McCarthy, Roisin McDowell, Aoife McTague, Ronan Maguire, Damian Meehan, Michael Mescal, Enda Nolan, Tobias Nystrom, Kate O’Daly, Claire O’Donnell, Susan O’Driscoll, Padraigh O’Flynn, Niall O’Healaithe, Karol O’Mahony, Orla O’Kane, Catherine Opdebeeck, Hala O’Reilly, Óran Ó’Siocháin, Diarmuid Phelan, Justin Power, Vicky Shields, Louise Souter, Anna Stawjewska, Chris Thompson, Kathleen Tierney, Cillian Warfield, Hugh Campbell, Colin Caprani, Peter Cody, Tom de Paor, Michelle Fagan, Tiago Faria, David Leatherbarrow, Donal Lennon, Ciaran McNally, Conor Moloney, Aoibheann Ni Mhearain, Michael Murphy, Finola O’Kane Crimmins, John Parke, Michael Pike, Bob Sheil, Stephen Tierney, Dominic Stevens, Chris Boyle, Miriam Delaney, Feargal Doyle, Brian Gallagher, Roisin Henegan, Mary Laheen, Shelly McNamara, Ken Meehan, Jim Murphy, Shi Fu Peng, Max O’Flaherty, Esmonde O’Briain, John Olley, Mark Price, Anna Ryan, John Tuomey, Simon Walker, Marcus Donaghy, Elizabeth Shotton, Exodus, polemical investigation, 2:1:2, Les Grandes Ateliers, Trangression from Drawing to Making, charette, conversion, Peter Flynn, Emmett Scanlon, Irena Kondratenko, Paul Kelly & Gary Lysaght, FKL Architects, Aidan Madden, Arups Consulting Engineers, Brian O’Brien, Solearth, Conservation Techniques, Advanced Facade Design, Advanced Materials, Heavyweight Structures, Performance Analysis, Dorothy Jones, Paul Arnold, Ed Burke, John Cahill, Mary Clark, Jackie Donnelly, Lisa Edden, Jason Ellis, Dr Aubrey Flegg, David Griffin, Aideen Ireland, Frank Keohane, Donal Lennon, Alistair Lindsay, Charlie Lyons, Daniel McInervey, Paul McMahon, M. McParland, Emily Moore, Rachel Moss, Conor Murphy, Ciaran O Brien, Dr Freddie O Dwyer, Mona O Rourke, Aighleann O Shaughnessy, Sara Pavia, Margaret Quinlan, Noel Riordan, Susan Roundtree, Pat Ruane, Linzi Simpson, David Wall, Hugh Brady, Peter Clinch, Philip Geoghegan, Loughlin Kealy, Alan Mee, Conor Norton, Derry O Connell, Michael Creegan, Douglas Gordon, Seamus Mc Gearailt, John Prosser, Sarah Rock, Aine Ryan,
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RIAI Bulletin 10

Editor: Tomas O’Beirne.
1975
€ 4.75 

Beginning in 1972, the RIAI Bulletin was a monthly newsletter to inform Institute members of the wide range of matters with which the RIAI was involved.

Ordinary General Meeting, OGM of the RIAI, President’s Report, Honorary Secretary’s Report, Presentation of Certificates, Inter-alia, Registration of Architects, National Prices Commission, Professional Fees, EEC Affairs, Technicians’ Commission, Annual Report of Council, Honorary Treasurer’s Report, Amendment to By-Laws, Study on Architect’s Fees, Gold Medal Award, Housing Medal Award, RIAI Conference, European Architectural Heritage Year, Use of High Alumina Cement, Efficient Lighting in Industry, Construction Industry Statistics, Building Costs Index, Posts in Honduras, UIA Assembly and Congress, Michael Scott Exhibition, Local Authority Housing, Professional Conduct Committee, Fellowship Election, Building Industry Council, Ideas Competition for Housing, EAHY 1975, Price Variation Clause, Salaried Members’ Committee, Cork City Architect, Housing Fellowship, Entry Regulations, Election of Council, Provincial Members, Architectural Journals, Final Exhibition Stage C, Free Architectural Service, Temporary Entry Regulations, Flow of Work, UIA Council, Offshore Oil and Gas, Scandinavian Summer Seminars, Manila Housing Community, EEC Matters, Building Industry Council, Computer Programming, Client/Design Team Form of Contract, Notices, standards, circular, newsletter, committee, AGM, minutes, meeting minutes, exhibition, competition, symposium, materials, conference, course, lecture, planners, membership, RIAI, CAA, members, Election, report, EEC, housing, public relations, Registration, EEC Matters, Reciprocity, Study on Architects’ Fees, Fellowship Election, Gold Medal Award, Housing Medal Award, RIAI Conference, Building Industry Council, Ideas Competition for Housing, EAHY 1975, Price Variation Clause, Salaried Members’ Committee, Cork City Architect, Housing Fellowship, Redundancy Entry Regulations, Award of Distinction, Election to Fellowship, Contract Form, Use of High Alumina Cement, Construction Industry Statistics, Development Plan, Efficient Lighting in Industry, Building Costs Index, Building Industry Council, Computer Programming, Client/Design Team Form of Contract, Courses Attended, RIAI Award for Architectural Conservation, RIAI Dinner Dance, Form of Certificate, Bologna Conference, Michael Scott Exhibition, UIA Assembly and Congress, Local Authority Housing - Time Charge, Posts in Honduras, Annual Report of Council, Honorary Treasurer’s Report, Presentation of Certificates, Amendments to By-Laws, President’s Report, Honorary Secretary 1975-1976, Election of Council for 1975, Other Business, Final Examination, Stage C, Free Architectural Service, Temporary Entry Regulations, Flow of Work, Seat on UIA Council, Dates of Meetings, 1975, Senate Bye-Election, Short Course at the Institute of Advanced Architectural Studies, York, Offshore Oil and Gas, Planning Lectures, Scandinavian Summer Seminars, Housing Community, Manila, Subscription of Members, Architectural Award, New Booklet, Exhibition of Drawings, Visit to Edinburgh
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Architectural Survey 1957

Editor: Luan P. Cuffe.
Journal
€ 4.75 

Architectural Survey was an annual review of contemporary architecture in Ireland, which ran from 1953-1972.

Directory of Architects, Classified Buyers’ Guide, Index to advertisers, Commerce, Health, Industry, Education, Religion, Housing, Public Service
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Architecture Ireland 314

Editor: Michael K. Hayes.
Journal
€ 9.50 

Architecture Ireland is the journal of the Royal Institute of the Architects of Ireland. Issue #314 focuses on the theme of 'leisure'.

The architect as translator or transformer, Out at sea: A history of Dublin’s coastal baths, Holiday camps: New leisure spaces for the mobile fraternity, Housing on holidays: Denis Anderson’s Castlepark, A typology of tourism: The development of the visitor centre in Irish architecture, RIAI Architecture Awards 2020, RIAI Student Awards 2020, RIAI / Architecture Ireland Future Award 2020, Remembering Declan Grehan, Remembering John O’Reilly, Research by design: An interview with Hugh Campbell on his first five years in practise, Construction dispute nomination: emerging trends, Sonic works: On the intersection between art and architecture, Fiction and reflection: The roles of imagination and rumination in supporting the particulars of being an architect, Building the Irish Courthouse and Prison: A political history, 1750-1850, Transforming Towns: Designing Smaller Communities, A sense of place, All that is solid - SO-IL, A prior and present architecture - Maria Conen, A crippling lack of architecture, Open Air Theatre, Achill Island, Co. Mayo
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Architecture Ireland 298

Editor: Sandra O'Connell.
Journal
€ 9.50 

Architecture Ireland is the journal of the Royal Institute of the Architects of Ireland. Issue #298 focuses on the theme of 'adaptive reuse'.

building review, book review, interview, adaptive reuse, venice biennale
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Carlow Carbon Futures: vol. 1

Editors: Sean Brunswick, Orla McKeever, Sam Carse, Juliette Bosschaert.
Book
€ 0.00 

Fuelled by love, rage, and imagination, this publication displays the wide variety of student work produced as part of a regional vision for a zero-carbon County Carlow by 2050.

Mill, canal, elderly, ageing, isolating, farm, River Barrow, the Barrow, Bagenalstown House, Co-Op, Greenhouse farm, apartment, CLT, roof garden, student, proposal, thesis, project, IT Carlow, masterplan, densification, urban block, densify, terrace, ModCell, Timber Collective, multi-generational, housing, high density-low rise, housing scheme, glulam, suburban, suburbia, co-habitation, university, housing typologies, wetland, hemp render, commuter town, coarse fishing, fishing, Pembroke Road, Heart of Carlow town, gasification, solar panel, UIC Barcelona, railway bridge, density, haptic, haymarket stone, timber SIP panels, bungalow bliss, garden, village, Braun factory, re-purpose, sprawl, pedestrian, Carlow County Gaol, Barrack Street, River Burren, Carlow Castle, wasteland, water reservoir, replanting, flood plain, studio, makers’ space, Tribute Forest, creche, sport facilities, existing, renovation, climate crisis, traveller, travelling community, Graigcullen, GUTEX, renewable timber, environment, environmentally conscious, allotment, Avondale Drive, cork block, retrofit, family, out-growing, carbon footprint, student housing, St. Fiacc’s Terrace, Carlow County Development plan, Maryborough Street, vertical garden, Carlow Town Park, coal store, café, art supply shop, residential, commercial, Pembroke Quarter, cycle way, modular housing, courtyards, affordable housing, STEM, drawing, render, axonometric, Waterford IT, Technical University, Barrow Way, Sustainable Electrical Engineering, dairy farming, forestry, Carlow 2050, hydropower, Marine Institute Mayo, Clogrennane, Drummin Bog, bogland, post office, public space, aquaponics, market garden, kitchen garden, Shamrock Square, bus, public transport, Tullow, Hackettstown, Castilla y Leon, DIY, concrete, tree house, energy rating, deforestation, oak park, Montessori, cross lamination, circular economy, dementia, beehive, apiary, grassland, conversion, Mill Lane, special school, clean energy, electric city, sawmill, farmland, Lodge Mill, agriculture, carbon neutral, recycling, factory, industrial, street, sewage treatment system, reed beds, derelict, SGD, flooding, Scots Pine, GHG, carbon negative, depopulation, Carlow Industrial Collective, case study, sugar beet, CO2, Bio-Fuel, Fenagh, cycleway
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Architecture Ireland 286

Editor: Sandra O’Connell.
Journal
€ 9.50 

Architecture Ireland is the journal of the Royal Institute of the Architects of Ireland. Issue #286 focuses on 1916 Centenary commemorations.

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2ha: the journal of suburban design #13

Editor: Michael K. Hayes.
Journal
€ 4.00 

2ha #13 considers the physical, legal, economic, and symbolic borders which bind our everyday definition of suburban life. Three essays outline the contested nature of this space and the multiple means of separation made for the benefit of some, to the exclusion of others.

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RIAI Bulletin 39

Editor: J. Owen Lewis.
Journal
€ 4.75 

Beginning in 1972, the RIAI Bulletin was a monthly newsletter to inform Institute members of the wide range of matters with which the RIAI was involved.

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Architecture Ireland 323

Editor: Michael K. Hayes.
Journal
€ 9.50 

Architecture Ireland is the journal of the Royal Institute of the Architects of Ireland. Issue #323 focuses on the theme of ‘labour’.

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Architecture Ireland 305

Editor: Michael K. Hayes.
Journal
€ 9.50 

Architecture Ireland is the journal of the Royal Institute of the Architects of Ireland. Issue #305 focuses on the theme of ‘colour’.

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Architecture Ireland 308

Editor: Michael K. Hayes.
Journal
€ 9.50 

Architecture Ireland is the journal of the Royal Institute of the Architects of Ireland. Issue #308 focuses on the theme of ‘tenure and type’.

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The Sprawling Newspaper

Editors: Michelle Delea, Sarah Mulrooney, Niamh Hurley, Anastasiya Karabanava, Darren O’Connor, Grace Kiernan.
Book
€ 0.00 

The Sprawling Newspaper emerged during the production of The Sprawling Octopus of an Elevated Highway, a documentary film which centres around a public campaign against the B.K.S. traffic plan for Cork in 1968.

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Dublin School of Architecture Yearbook 2016

Editors: Philip Duffy, Anne-Lise Olivier, Julia Vivien Rober, Colin Mac Suibhne, Stephen Johnston.
Book
€ 0.00 

An annual yearbook featuring student work from the Dublin School of Architecture, TU Dublin.

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House and Home

Editor: Colum O'Riordan.
Book
€ 10.00 

House and Home features over forty original architectural drawings, as well as publications, models and photographs, for residential projects in Ireland. Reflecting the chronological spread of the Irish Architectural Archive’s holdings, the works range from the mid 18th century to the late 20th.

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Ireland in the Year 2000

Book
€ 7.95 

This paper documents the proceedings of a colloquy on Ireland in the Year 2000, held in Kilkea Castle in February 1980.

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DSA 2020

Editors: Stephen Allen, Mark Chester, Romy Marren, Lasairíona Power.
Book
€ 0.00 

An annual yearbook featuring student work from the Dublin School of Architecture, TU Dublin.

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LINE 01

Editors: Caoimhe Power, Gabriella Brady, Helen McFadden, Lauren Forde.
Book
€ 0.00 

An annual yearbook featuring student work from the Dublin School of Architecture, TU Dublin.

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