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Type is a platform for design in the built environment. We aim to share knowledge, increase accessibility, and support a culture of critique.

Articles

A space for public opinion and debate, engaging with a broad range of contributors in architecture, landscape, urban design, planning, and beyond.

The weaving shed

Ailbhe Beatty explores the relationship between craft, culture, and heritage in Irish towns, examining how workshop spaces reveal the story of a place in ways material and immaterial.

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Working Hard / Hardly Working

Blockchain: the other AI revolution

Blockchain can offer a secure, transparent way to record agreements, and therefore holds potential across construction and property sectors, enabling real-time verification, automating payments, and improving data reliability. Yet its adoption in this context remains limited. In this article, Garry Miley discusses the possible impacts and limitations to the technology’s implementation.

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Open Space

 The potential of political design

Highly visible and emotionally charged, electoral campaigns are often the first instance in which a state’s people encounter their elected representatives. In this article, Anna Cassidy, designer for Catherine Connolly's presidential campaign, examines how political design is indispensable to the democratic process.

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Future Reference

Fellow humans

In May 2024, the Lithuanian artist Benediktas Gylys installed a portal between Dublin and New York. In this article, Felix Hunter Green explores how the portal (the third of its kind at the time) introduced a new form of present tense, a remote urbanism, to the fabric of North Earl Street.

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Present Tense
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Library

The Type online library is a digital repository of publications featuring unique research and fresh insights on the design of the built environment.

All journals and books are free to download for Type members; please login or use the download button for access.

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Carlow Carbon Futures: vol. 1

Editors: Sean Brunswick, Orla McKeever, Sam Carse, Juliette Bosschaert.
Book
€ 0.00 

Fuelled by love, rage, and imagination, this publication displays the wide variety of student work produced as part of a regional vision for a zero-carbon County Carlow by 2050.

Mill, canal, elderly, ageing, isolating, farm, River Barrow, the Barrow, Bagenalstown House, Co-Op, Greenhouse farm, apartment, CLT, roof garden, student, proposal, thesis, project, IT Carlow, masterplan, densification, urban block, densify, terrace, ModCell, Timber Collective, multi-generational, housing, high density-low rise, housing scheme, glulam, suburban, suburbia, co-habitation, university, housing typologies, wetland, hemp render, commuter town, coarse fishing, fishing, Pembroke Road, Heart of Carlow town, gasification, solar panel, UIC Barcelona, railway bridge, density, haptic, haymarket stone, timber SIP panels, bungalow bliss, garden, village, Braun factory, re-purpose, sprawl, pedestrian, Carlow County Gaol, Barrack Street, River Burren, Carlow Castle, wasteland, water reservoir, replanting, flood plain, studio, makers’ space, Tribute Forest, creche, sport facilities, existing, renovation, climate crisis, traveller, travelling community, Graigcullen, GUTEX, renewable timber, environment, environmentally conscious, allotment, Avondale Drive, cork block, retrofit, family, out-growing, carbon footprint, student housing, St. Fiacc’s Terrace, Carlow County Development plan, Maryborough Street, vertical garden, Carlow Town Park, coal store, café, art supply shop, residential, commercial, Pembroke Quarter, cycle way, modular housing, courtyards, affordable housing, STEM, drawing, render, axonometric, Waterford IT, Technical University, Barrow Way, Sustainable Electrical Engineering, dairy farming, forestry, Carlow 2050, hydropower, Marine Institute Mayo, Clogrennane, Drummin Bog, bogland, post office, public space, aquaponics, market garden, kitchen garden, Shamrock Square, bus, public transport, Tullow, Hackettstown, Castilla y Leon, DIY, concrete, tree house, energy rating, deforestation, oak park, Montessori, cross lamination, circular economy, dementia, beehive, apiary, grassland, conversion, Mill Lane, special school, clean energy, electric city, sawmill, farmland, Lodge Mill, agriculture, carbon neutral, recycling, factory, industrial, street, sewage treatment system, reed beds, derelict, SGD, flooding, Scots Pine, GHG, carbon negative, depopulation, Carlow Industrial Collective, case study, sugar beet, CO2, Bio-Fuel, Fenagh, cycleway
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A Guide to Modern Architecture in Dublin

Editor: Tomás O'Beirne.
Book
€ 9.00 

Featuring projects from 1953 to 1977, this book lays out 109 examples of modern architecture in Dublin, varying in occupation and scale, from small housing schemes and churches, to masterplan university development and city office blocks.

Ordnance Survey, Brendan Byrne, Aras Mhic Dhiarmada, Michael Scott, Scott Tallon Walker Architects, Housing at St. Brigids Park, Cornelscourt, Dermot Smyth, School at Emmet Road, Inchicore, Robinson Keefe Devane, Housing at St. Patrick's Park, Stepaside, St Raphael’s College of Physical Education, Blackrock, Pearse Mac Kenna, Kevin Fox, St Gabriel’s Church, Clontarf, Peppard and Duffy, CPC Factory, Brown and Polson Factory, Bord Failte Building, Robin Walker, Church of Our Lady, Mother of Divine Grace, Raheny, Lyons Factory, Kidney Burke-Kennedy and Doyle, Dublin Corporation Flats, Cuffe Street, Aungier Street, Niall Montgomery, Liberty Hall, ITGWU, Headquarters, Desmond Rea O’Kelly and Associates, Embassy of the United States of America, USA, John McL. Johansen, Hume House, Ballsbridge, Lardner and Partners, Four Apartments at Simmonscourt Castle, Tyndall Hogan and Associates, St. Stephens Green House, Earlsfort Terrace, Boyle & Delaney, Bank of Ireland National, Suffolk Street, National Bank of Ireland, Head Office, Dun Laoghaire Industrate Estate, Our Lady, Queen of Heaven Church, Dublin Airport, Office Building, First National City Bank, Stephenson Gibney and Associates, Abbey Theatre, Company Office Headquarters Building, Mount Carmel Hospital, Rathgar, 8 Bungalows, Hill of Howth, Michael F. Phillips, Trinity College Library, Ahrends Burton and Koralek, TCD, Trinity College Dublin, UCD, 56 one-room apartments at Mespil Estate, Tyndall Hogan and Associates, Lansdowne House, Stillorgan Shopping Centre, John Costello and Associates, Church at Gonzaga College, St Patrick’s training centre, Drumcondra, Duke House, Peter Legge and Partners, Phibsboro Shopping Centre, David Keane and Partners, Tayto Factory, Coolock, David W. Cronin, Church of the Holy Spirit, Ballyroan, R. F. MacDonnell, Our Lady of Victories church, Ballymun, Patrick Moloney, Central Remedial Clinic, Clontarf, Office Building at No. 2 Burlington Road, Our Lady Seat of Wisdom, UCD, Michael Delvin Memorial Church, Vincent Gallagher and Associates, Wesley College, Dublin, Arts and Commerce Building, UCD, Andrzej Wejchert, Northside Shopping Centre, Head Office, Electricity Supply Board, ESB, Irish Base Metals office, Patrick Rooney and Associates, Marianist College, Loughlinstown, Patrick V. Moloney, James O’Beirne, Guy Moloney and Associates, Office Building at No 8. Burlington Road, Tyndall Hogan Hurley, Phoenix House and 6 South Leinster Street, John Costello and Associates, Restaurant Building, University College Dublin, Towercourt, Sandymount, Cathal O’Neill, City of Dublin Vocational School, The Church of the Holy Spirit, Greenhills, Peppard and Duffy, Office Building, Leinster Street, Kidney Burke-Kennedy and Doyle, Institute of Advanced Studies, St Brigid’s National School, Castleknock, Egan Wholesale, Nazareth House, Malahide Road, Stephen Court, Dublin, St Andrew’s College, Ahrends Burton and Koralek, Administration Building, New Terminal Building, Dublin Airport, Leo M. Carroll, Alexandra College, Ryan and Hogan, International Airport Hotel, Grattan House, Carrick House, Burlington Road, Bank of Ireland Head Office, Oldbrook House, Pembroke Road, Patrick Rooney and Associates, The Paddocks housing development, Dalkey, Commended design, RIAI Triennial Housing Awards, Raymond F. MacDonnell, Elm House, Mespil Road, Bank of Ireland Computer Centre, T. P. Bennett and Son, University Library, James Joyce Library, Sir Basil Spence, Glover and Ferguson, Irish Farm Centre, Becton Dickinson & Co LTD Medical Instruments and Head Office, Commended Design RIAI Triennial Medal, Peter Legge & Partners, Bank of Ireland Building, St. Michael’s Parish Church, Dun Laoghaire, Pearse Mac Kenna, Sean Rothery, Molyneux House, Fitzwilliam Lawn Tennis Club, Office Block, Shelbourne Road, Canada House, Earlsfort Terrace, Earlsfort House, Costello, Murray and Beaumont, Norfin House, Our Lady of Dolorus, Glasnevin, Vincent Gallagher and Associates, Lisney Building, Stephens Green, RTE Centre, Donnybrook, Lombard and Ulster House, The Deerpark Hotel, Howth, Ryan & Hogan, Joint Headquarters; Irish Shipping LTD and Coras Trachtala, Management Training Centre, Dundrum, Office Building, Kildare Street, Trinity Hall Development, Patrick Rooney and Associates, St. Broc’s Welfare Home, Clonskeagh, Merrion Court, Ailesbury Road, Holland, Savage and Partners, Dartmouth House, Grand Parade, Ship Street - Office Building, New Medical School, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Frank Foley, Head Office, Educational Building Society, Greenhills College, Walkinstown, Delaney MacVeigh and Pike, Housing at Stepaside, Norwich Union, corner development, Dawson Street, Scoil Lorcain, Monkstown, Pearse MacKenna, Michael Brock, Church of St. Oliver Plunkett, Francis Xavier National School, Setanta Centre, Clanwilliam Court, Austin C. Murray, Claremont Court, Diamond Redfern Anderson, Housing at Darndale Carryard House, Glasnevin Filling Station, Niall Montgomery and Partners, Dun Laoghaire Centre, Costello Murray and Beaumont, Housing at Glasnevin, Irish Life Centre,
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Architecture Ireland 278

Editor: Sandra O'Connell
Journal
€ 9.50 

Architecture Ireland is the journal of the Royal Institute of the Architects of Ireland. Issue #278 focuses on the theme of ‘a year of architecture - 2015’.

architecture review, book review, year review, library design
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Observation Study of Housing Estate Elements

Authors: R. Mulvihill, E. Burke, N. Byrne.
Book
€ 7.95 

This paper reports on a study investigating aspects of housing estates related to the pedestrian precinct or residential yard concept.

Fencing, housing estate, cul-de-sac, local authority, front wall, front garden wall, landscaped boundary, shrub boundary, wooden fence, edge maintenance, private estates, lawn, front lawn, back garden, parked cars, Planning Division, Portlaoise, Tralee,
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RIAI Bulletin 37

Editor: J. Owen Lewis.
Journal
€ 4.75 

Beginning in 1972, the RIAI Bulletin was a monthly newsletter to inform Institute members of the wide range of matters with which the RIAI was involved.

Comment, RIAI Report, Diary, Cryptoporticus and Partners, Hardcore, President’s Inaugural Address, Lutyensmania, Design for Handicap, New Office Buildings, Microelectronics and the Construction Industry, Arthur, President visits AIA, Architectural Employment Advisory and Conciliation Committee, Inner City Authority, Northern Report, Council, Planning Applications, Draft Building Regulations, Western Report, Santa Maria della Salute, Venice, Urban Development, Permaculture Designers Course, Kitchen Design Award, Architectural Association of Ireland, Arthur O’Connell, Robert Cochran, National Board for Science and Technology, Lambay Castle, Edwin Lutyens, Notices, standards, circular, newsletter, committee, competition, conference, course, lecture, planners, membership, RIAI, Royal Institute of the Architects of Ireland, UCD
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Architecture Ireland 311

Editor: Michael K. Hayes.
Journal
€ 9.50 

Architecture Ireland is the journal of the Royal Institute of the Architects of Ireland. Issue #311 focuses on the theme of 'data'.

Entanglement: An interview with Fiona McDermott and Clare Lyster of Annex; Realer than fiction: Thoughts on the production of physical and digital space; The future of the library: Thoughts on the production of physical and digital space; A machine for living in: The implications of smart home technology in domestic space; Magic and metaphysics: House space is produced in the digital age; so near / so far; Reflections on the present and future impact of COVID-19 on architectural practise; The architecture of a pandemic; Lost in Zoom; Transitioning back to the workplace; Understanding the value of good communications; I think that there’s something that has resonated my whole career: the fact that an architect isn’t just designing a building; Home: why public housing is the answer; Just transition, Remembering Manfredi Anell; Eoin Ó Broin, 17th International Architecture Biennale, Clare White
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Architecture in Ireland - vol. 1, no. 1

Editor: Tomas O’Beirne.
Journal
€ 5.95 

First published in 1978, Architecture in Ireland was a magazine which featured ‘news, views and reviews’, architecturally significant buildings, and descriptions and illustrations of proposed developments.

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RIAI Bulletin 52

Editor: J. Owen Lewis.
Journal
€ 4.75 

Beginning in 1972, the RIAI Bulletin was a monthly newsletter to inform Institute members of the wide range of matters with which the RIAI was involved.

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RIAI Bulletin 21

Editor: J. Owen Lewis.
Journal
€ 4.75 

Beginning in 1972, the RIAI Bulletin was a monthly newsletter to inform Institute members of the wide range of matters with which the RIAI was involved.

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RIAI Bulletin 6

Editor: Peter Ferguson.
Journal
€ 4.75 

Beginning in 1972, the RIAI Bulletin was a monthly newsletter to inform Institute members of the wide range of matters with which the RIAI was involved.

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Architecture in Ireland - vol. 1, no. 3

Editor: Tomas O'Beirne.
Journal
€ 5.95 

First published in 1978, Architecture in Ireland was a magazine which featured ‘news, views and reviews’, architecturally significant buildings, and descriptions and illustrations of proposed developments.

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RIAI Bulletin 40

Editor: J. Owen Lewis.
Journal
€ 4.75 

Beginning in 1972, the RIAI Bulletin was a monthly newsletter to inform Institute members of the wide range of matters with which the RIAI was involved.

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UCD Architecture 2007

Editors: Brian Ward, Pierre Jolivet, Gerry Hayden.
Book
€ 0.00 

An annual yearbook featuring staff and student work from the UCD School of Architecture.

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The Bicycle: A study of efficiency, usage, and safety

Author: Dr. D. F. Moore.
Book
€ 7.95 

Financed by Irish Raleigh Ltd., this report is a general study of the efficiency, usage, and safety of the bicycle as a mode transport. As well as bicycle safety, this study considers housing estate layout in suburban areas and how it can minimise the adverse impact of motorised traffic on urban neighbourhoods.

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The Sprawling Newspaper

Editors: Michelle Delea, Sarah Mulrooney, Niamh Hurley, Anastasiya Karabanava, Darren O’Connor, Grace Kiernan.
Book
€ 0.00 

The Sprawling Newspaper emerged during the production of The Sprawling Octopus of an Elevated Highway, a documentary film which centres around a public campaign against the B.K.S. traffic plan for Cork in 1968.

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A Guide to Modern Architecture in Dublin

Editor: Tomás O'Beirne.
Book
€ 9.00 

Featuring projects from 1953 to 1977, this book lays out 109 examples of modern architecture in Dublin, varying in occupation and scale, from small housing schemes and churches, to masterplan university development and city office blocks.

Read more

The Square Kilometre: Naked House Naked City

Editors: Gary A. Boyd, Greg Keeffe, Rebecca Jane McConnell.
Book
€ 0.00 

This publication seeks to explore some of the hidden architectures that influence and condition life in the city on a daily basis, beginning within the servicing of the house and expanding over a square kilometre of city fabric.

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Ireland in the Year 2000

Book
€ 7.95 

This paper documents the proceedings of a colloquy on Ireland in the Year 2000, held in Kilkea Castle in February 1980.

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